Umbhobho womgca we-API 5L wombhobho womgca weoyile negesi

Iipayipi zegesi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu: iipayipi zokuqokelela igesi, iipayipi zegesi, kunye neepayipi zokusasaza igesi ngokwendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo.

①Umbhobho wokuqokelela igesi: umbhobho osuka kwintloko yentsimi yegesi udlula kwisikhululo sokuqokelela igesi ukuya kwisikhululo sokucoca igesi okanye kwisikhululo sokuqalisa igesi, esisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuqokelela igesi yendalo enganyangwanga ekhutshwe kwi-stratum. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lomthombo wegesi, uxinzelelo lombhobho wokuqokelela igesi ngokubanzi lungaphezulu kwe-100 kgf/cm2, kwaye ububanzi bombhobho buyi-50 ukuya kwi-150 mm.

②Iipayipi zegesi: iipayipi ezivela kwizityalo zokucubungula igesi okanye kwizikhululo zokuqalisa igesi ezicinezela imithombo yegesi ukuya kwiindawo zokusasaza igesi, abasebenzisi abakhulu okanye iindawo zokugcina igesi kwizixeko ezikhulu, kunye neepayipi ezinxibelelana phakathi kwemithombo yegesi. Emva kokucubungula, ipayipi ihambelana nokuthuthwa kwepayipi. Igesi yendalo esemgangathweni (jonga iteknoloji yokuhambisa igesi yepayipi) yinxalenye ephambili yenkqubo yonke yokuhambisa igesi. Ububanzi bepayipi yegesi bukhulu kunobo bepayipi yokuqokelela igesi kunye nepayipi yokusasaza igesi. Ipayipi yegesi enkulu inobubanzi be-1420 mm. Igesi yendalo ithuthwa phantsi koxinzelelo ukusuka kwisikhululo sokuqalisa i-compressor kunye nezikhululo ze-compressor ecaleni komgca. Uxinzelelo lokuhambisa igesi yi-70-80 kgf/cm2, kwaye ubude bepayipi buphela bunokufikelela kumawaka eekhilomitha.

③Ipayipi yokusasazwa kwegesi: ipayipi esuka kwisikhululo sokulawula uxinzelelo lwasezidolophini ukuya kumgca wesebe lomsebenzisi inoxinzelelo oluphantsi, amasebe amaninzi, inethiwekhi yepayipi exineneyo, kunye nobubanzi obuncinci bepayipi. Ukongeza kwinani elikhulu leepayipi zentsimbi, iipayipi zokusasazwa kwegesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi zinokwenziwa ngemibhobho yeplastiki okanye ezinye izinto.

Intsimbi ye-X-60 ene-alloy ephantsi (umda wamandla we-42 kgf/cm2) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipayipi, kwaye izixhobo ezinamandla aphezulu ezifana ne-X-65 kunye ne-X-70 ziqalile ukusetyenziswa. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukumelana nokungqubana kwipayipi, iipayipi ezintsha zentsimbi ezingaphezu kwe-426 mm ngokubanzi zigqunywe ngeengubo zangaphakathi.

Iigesi zeempawu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba zithuthwa ngokulandelelana kwipayipi enye, kwaye uvavanyo lokuthuthwa kwemibhobho yegesi yendalo enolwelo kunye nolwelo kwi--70°C kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-77 kgf/cm2. Inkqubo yokuthuthwa kwemibhobho yegesi yendalo inamacandelo amabini: isikhululo sokuhambisa igesi yepayipi kunye nenkqubo yomgca. Inkqubo yomgca ibandakanya imibhobho, amagumbi evalvu ecaleni kwendlela, izakhiwo ezinqumlayo (jonga iprojekthi yokunqumla imibhobho kunye neprojekthi yokunqumla imibhobho), isikhululo sokukhusela i-cathodic (jonga i-anticorrosion yepayipi), inkqubo yonxibelelwano lwemibhobho, inkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nenkqubo yokujonga ngokuzenzekelayo (jonga ukujonga imibhobho), njl.

Umbhobho wentsimbi yeyona nto iphambili kwipayipi. Umbhobho wentsimbi yokudlulisa igesi yendalo yimveliso ekhethekileyo yesinyithi eyenziwe ngokucubungula okunzulu kwepleyiti (ibhanti). Ngenxa yokwahluka kwitekhnoloji yenkqubo, ulungiselelo lwentsimbi yepayipi lunokwahluka okuthile kwintsimbi yepayipi eveliswa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lophando lwentsimbi yepayipi, iKhanada kunye namanye amazwe abeke amacandelo ovavanyo lwentsimbi yepayipi yeX100 kunye neX120. Kwiprojekthi yombhobho weJining tie-line eTshayina, intsimbi yepayipi yeX80 yasetyenziswa kwicandelo lovavanyo le-7.71km okokuqala. Umbhobho wegesi waseNtshona-Mpuma ongama-4,843km ubude bomgca wesiqu somgca wesibini usebenzisa intsimbi yepayipi yentsimbi yeX80 enobubanzi be-1219mm, nto leyo enyusa uxinzelelo lokudlulisa igesi ukuya kwi-12Mpa. Ngokubanzi, intsimbi yeX80 sisakhiwo se-ferrite kunye ne-bainite, intsimbi yepayipi yeX100 sisakhiwo se-bainite, kwaye intsimbi yepayipi yeX120 yi-bainite kunye ne-martensite ye-carbon ephantsi kakhulu.

Kwimibhobho yegesi yendalo, amandla, ukuqina kunye nokudityaniswa kwezixhobo zezona mpawu zithathu ziphambili zolawulo lomgangatho [6].