Umbhobho womgca we-API 5L we-oyile kunye nombhobho womgca wegesi

Imibhobho yerhasi inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: imibhobho yokuqokelela irhasi, imibhobho yerhasi, kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa igesi ngokokusetyenziswa kwayo.

① Umbhobho wokuqokelelwa kwerhasi: umbhobho osuka kumthombo werhasi udlula kwisikhululo sokuqokelelwa kwerhasi ukuya kwindawo yokucocwa kwerhasi okanye kwisikhululo sokucinezela irhasi, esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuqokelela irhasi yendalo engacocwanga etsalwe kwisitrato. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwequla lerhasi, uxinzelelo lombhobho wokuqokelela irhasi ngokuqhelekileyo lungaphezulu kwe-100 kgf/cm2, kwaye idiameter yombhobho yi-50 ukuya kwi-150 mm.

②Imibhobho yerhasi: imibhobho esuka kwimizi-mveliso yerhasi okanye izikhululo zokucinezela irhasi kwimithombo yerhasi ukuya kumaziko okuhambisa irhasi, abasebenzisi abakhulu okanye iindawo zokugcina irhasi kwizixeko ezikhulu, kunye nemibhobho enxibelelana enye kwenye phakathi kwemithombo yerhasi. Emva kokucubungula, umbhobho uhambelana nokuthuthwa kwemibhobho. Umgangatho werhasi yendalo esemgangathweni (jonga itekhnoloji yokuhanjiswa kwegesi yombhobho) yeyona nxalenye iphambili yenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwerhasi. Ubukhulu bombhobho werhasi mkhulu kunobo bombhobho wokuqokelela irhasi kunye nombhobho wokuhambisa irhasi. Umbhobho omkhulu wegesi unobubanzi be-1420 mm. Irhasi yendalo ithuthwa phantsi koxinzelelo ukusuka kwisikhululo secompressor sokuqala kunye nezikhululo zecompressor ecaleni komgca. Uxinzelelo lokuhanjiswa kwegesi ngu-70-80 kgf / cm2, kwaye ubude obupheleleyo bombhobho bunokufikelela kumawaka eekhilomitha.

③ Umbhobho wokuhambisa irhasi: umbhobho osuka kuxinzelelo lwedolophu kunye nesikhululo sokulinganisa iimitha kumgca wesebe lomsebenzisi unoxinzelelo oluphantsi, amasebe amaninzi, uthungelwano lwemibhobho eshinyeneyo, kunye nedayamitha yombhobho omncinci. Ukongeza kwinani elikhulu lemibhobho yensimbi, iipayipi zokuhambisa igesi eziphantsi koxinzelelo zingenziwa kwakhona ngeepayipi zeplastiki okanye ezinye izinto. .

I-X-60 yensimbi ephantsi ye-alloy (umda wamandla we-42 kgf / cm2) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho, kunye nezixhobo eziphezulu ezifana ne-X-65 kunye ne-X-70 ziqalisile ukusetyenziswa. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhathisa ukukhuhlana kumbhobho, imibhobho emitsha yentsimbi engaphezu kwe-426 mm iye yagqunywa ngokubanzi ngeengubo zangaphakathi.

Iigesi zeempawu ezibonakalayo ezahlukileyo zithuthwa ngokulandelelana kumbhobho omnye, kunye neemvavanyo zothutho lwemibhobho yerhasi yendalo enegesi kunye nolwelo kwi-70°C kunye ne-77 kgf/cm2 yoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Inkqubo yothutho yemibhobho yegesi yendalo inamacandelo amabini: isikhululo sothutho lwerhasi yombhobho kunye nenkqubo yomgca. Inkqubo yomgca ibandakanya imibhobho, amagumbi eevalve ecaleni kwendlela, izakhiwo ezinqumlayo (jonga iprojekthi yokunqumla imibhobho kunye neprojekthi yokuwela imibhobho), isikhululo sokukhusela i-cathodic (jonga i-pipeline anticorrosion), inkqubo yonxibelelwano lombhobho, inkqubo yokuthumela kunye neyokubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo (jonga ukujonga umbhobho), njl.

Umbhobho wensimbi yinto ephambili yepayipi. Umbhobho wentsimbi yokuhanjiswa kwegesi yendalo yimveliso ekhethekileyo yesinyithi eyenziwe ngokulungiswa kweplate (ibhanti). Ngenxa yokungafani kweteknoloji yenkqubo, umbutho wentsimbi yombhobho unomahluko othile kwintsimbi yombhobho oveliswa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lophando lwentsimbi yombhobho, iCanada kunye namanye amazwe abeke amacandelo ovavanyo lwe-X100 kunye ne-X120 yentsimbi yombhobho. Kwiprojekthi ye-Jining tie-line pipeline e-China, i-X80-grade pipeline steel yasetyenziselwa icandelo lokuvavanya i-7.71km okokuqala. I-4,843km ubude be-West-East Gas Pipeline yomgca wesibini we-trunk usebenzisa i-X80 yensimbi yentsimbi yombhobho kunye nobubanzi be-1219mm, okwandisa uxinzelelo lokuhambisa igesi kwi-12Mpa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-X80 insimbi yinkqubo yesigaba sesibini se-ferrite kunye ne-bainite, i-X100 yensimbi yombhobho yisakhiwo se-bainite, kunye ne-X120 yentsimbi yombhobho yi-ultra-low carbon bainite kunye ne-martensite.

Kwimibhobho yegesi yendalo, amandla, ukuqina kunye ne-weldability zezona zibonakaliso ezintathu ezisisiseko zokulawula umgangatho [6].