Ukuhlelwa kweNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo

Intsimbi engatyiwayo inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ye-austenitic, intsimbi ye-ferritic, intsimbi ye-martensitic kunye ne-duplex yensimbi engenasici ngokwesakhiwo sayo se-metallographic.

(1) Austenitic steel stainless

Ubume begumbi lobushushu bentsimbi ye-austenitic yi-austenite, eyenziwe ngokongeza i-nickel efanelekileyo kwintsimbi ephezulu ye-chromium.

I-Austenitic stainless steel inesakhiwo esizinzile se-austenite kuphela xa i-Cr iqulethe malunga ne-18%, i-Ni 8% ukuya kwi-25%, kunye ne-C malunga ne-0.1%. I-Austenitic steel stainless isekwe kwi-alloy ye-iron-based Cr18Ni9. Ngokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo, uchungechunge oluthandathu lwe-austenitic stainless steels luye lwaphuhliswa.

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-austenitic steel stainless:
(1) 1Cr17Mn6Ni15N; (2) 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N; (3) 1Cr18Ni9; (4) 1Cr18Ni9Si3; (5) 06Cr19Ni10; (6) 00Cr19Ni10; (7) 0Cr19Ni9N; (8) 0Cr19Ni10NbN; (9) 00Cr18Ni10N; (10) 1Cr18Ni12; (11) 0Cr23Ni13; (12) 0Cr25Ni20; (13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; (14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2; (15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N; (16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N; (17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti; (18) 0Cr; 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2; (22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2; (23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3; (24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3; (25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5; (26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti; (27) (29) 0Cr18Ni; 0Cr18Ni13Si4;

I-Austenitic steel stainless iqulethe inani elikhulu le-Ni kunye ne-Cr, eyenza i-steel austenite kwiqondo lokushisa. Inobuchwephesha obuhle beplastiki, ukuqina, ukuwelda, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye neempawu ezingezizo zemagneti okanye ezibuthathaka. Inokumelana ne-corrosion elungileyo kwi-oxidizing kunye nokunciphisa imidiya. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo ezinganyangekiyo kwiasidi, njengezikhongozeli ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kunye nezixhobo zombane kunye nezothutho. Imibhobho, izixhobo ze-nitric acid-resistant-resistant, njl., zingasetyenziswa njengezona zinto ziphambili zokuhombisa. I-Austenitic steel stainless ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha unyango lwesisombululo, oko kukuthi, intsimbi ishushu kwi-1050 ukuya kwi-1150 ° C, kwaye emva koko ipholile ngamanzi okanye i-air-cooled ukuze ifumane isakhiwo se-austenite yesigaba esisodwa.

(2) intsimbi ye-ferritic

Amanqanaba asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ensimbi engenasici ye-ferritic: (1) 1Cr17; (2) 00Cr30Mo2; (3) 00Cr17; (4) 00Cr17; (5) 1Cr17Mo; (6) 00Cr27Mo;

I-Ferritic steel stainless steel stainless , isakhiwo sayo sisininzi se-ferrite kwiqondo lokushisa. Umxholo we-Chromium ngu-11% -30%, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukuqina kunye nokunyuka kwe-weldability kunye nokunyuka komxholo we-chromium, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-chloride uxinzelelo lwe-corrosion lungcono kunezinye iintlobo zensimbi engenasici, olu hlobo lwensimbi ngokubanzi aluqukethe i-nickel, ngamanye amaxesha Iqulethe ixabiso elincinci le-Mo, Ti, Nb kunye nezinye izinto. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi luneempawu ze-conductivity enkulu ye-thermal, i-coefficient encinci yokwandisa, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-oxidation, kunye noxinzelelo oluhle kakhulu lokumelana nokubola. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa ukumelana nomoya, umphunga wamanzi, amanzi kunye ne-oxidizing acids. Iindawo ezigrunjiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iipropathi zoomatshini kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo zihlwempuzekile, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezichasene ne-asidi ezinoxinzelelo oluncinci kwaye njenge-anti-oxidation steels. Isenokuvelisa iindawo ezisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, njengeendawo ze-injini yegesi.