Intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-ferritic, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-martensitic kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-duplex ngokwesakhiwo sayo se-metallographic.
(1) Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic
Ulwakhiwo lobushushu begumbi le-austenitic stainless steel yi-austenite, eyenziwa ngokongeza i-nickel efanelekileyo kwi-chromium ephezulu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic inesakhiwo esizinzileyo se-austenite kuphela xa i-Cr iqulethe malunga ne-18%, i-Ni 8% ukuya kwi-25%, kunye ne-C malunga ne-0.1%. Intsimbi engagqwali yase-Austenitic isekelwe kwi-alloy yesinyithi esekwe kwi-Cr18Ni9. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kuye kwaphuhliswa uthotho oluthandathu lweentsimbi ezingagqwali zase-austenitic.
Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo ensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic:
(1) 1Cr17Mn6Ni15N; (2) 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N; (3) 1Cr18Ni9; (4) 1Cr18Ni9Si3; (5) 06Cr19Ni10; (6) 00Cr19Ni10; (7) 0Cr19Ni9N; (8) 0Cr19Ni10NbN; (9) 00Cr18Ni10N; (10) 1Cr18Ni12; (11) 0Cr23Ni13; (12) 0Cr25Ni20; (13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; (14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2; (15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N; (16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N; (17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti; (18) 0Cr; 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2; (22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2; (23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3; (24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3; (25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5; (26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti; (27) (29) 0Cr18Ni; 0Cr18Ni13Si4;
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic iqulethe inani elikhulu le-Ni kunye ne-Cr, nto leyo eyenza i-austenite yentsimbi kubushushu begumbi. Inamandla okuqina, ukunyibilika, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye neempawu zemagnethi ezingezizo zemagnethi okanye ezibuthathaka. Inamandla okumelana nokugqwala kwi-oxidizing kunye ne-reducing media. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo ezimelana ne-asidi, ezifana nezikhongozeli ezimelana nokugqwala kunye nokufakwa kwezixhobo kunye nokuthutha. Iipayipi, izixhobo ezimelana ne-nitric acid, njl.njl., nazo zingasetyenziswa njengezinto eziphambili zokuhombisa. Intsimbi engagqwali yase-Austenitic ngokubanzi isebenzisa unyango lwesisombululo, oko kukuthi, intsimbi ifudunyezwa ukuya kwi-1050 ukuya kwi-1150°C, ize ipholiswe ngamanzi okanye ipholiswe emoyeni ukuze kufunyanwe isakhiwo se-austenite sesigaba esinye.
(2) intsimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic
Iindidi zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-ferritic ezisetyenziswa rhoqo: (1) 1Cr17; (2) 00Cr30Mo2; (3) 00Cr17; (4) 00Cr17; (5) 1Cr17Mo; (6) 00Cr27Mo;
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yeFerritic yintsimbi engagqwaliyo enesakhiwo sayo ikakhulu yi-ferrite kubushushu begumbi. Umxholo weChromium yi-11%-30%, ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala, ukuqina kunye nokuwelda kuyanda ngokunyuka komxholo weChromium, ukumelana nokugqwala koxinzelelo lweChloride kungcono kunezinye iintlobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, olu hlobo lwentsimbi ngokubanzi alunazo i-nickel, ngamanye amaxesha lukwaqulathe inani elincinci leMo, Ti, Nb kunye nezinye izinto. Olu hlobo lwentsimbi luneempawu zokuqhuba okukhulu kobushushu, i-coefficient encinci yokwandisa, ukumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation, kunye nokumelana okuhle kokugqwala koxinzelelo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa ukumelana nomoya, umphunga wamanzi, amanzi kunye nee-oxidizing acids. Iindawo ezigqwalisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iipropati zoomatshini kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo azilunganga, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezimelana ne-acid ezinoxinzelelo oluncinci kwaye njengeentsimbi ezichasene ne-oxidation. Ingavelisa neendawo ezisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, njengeendawo zeturbine yegesi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-11-2021